Renormalization of gravitational potentials for quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks

 

Leonov Vladimir

December 2024

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5270-0824

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonov-Vladimir/research

For citation:

Leonov Vladimir. Renormalization of gravitational potentials for quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks. – Preprint: ResearchGate, December 2024, Download PDF: DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24200.12807

Abstract

The creation of the theory of quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks is a breakthrough that replaced the gravity of Newton and Einstein. 4D-tetraquark is a particle of gravity and electromagnetism at the same time. We have the electromagnetic nature of gravity first introduced in the theory of quantum gravity. Newton's and Einstein's gravity is not quantum gravity; they do not have a gravity carrier particle and they cannot describe the electromagnetic nature of gravity, being phenomenological theories. The nature of quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks is a deformation of the quantized vacuum that cannot be described by Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity when renormalization of gravitational potentials is required. Renormalization consists in the fact that the quantized vacuum is endowed with the maximum gravitational potential. In this case, we use the gravitational potential of action instead of the Newtonian gravitational potential, linking them together by the balance of gravitational potentials. We have tested the validity of the renormalization of gravitational potentials, which showed that in this case Newton's law of universal gravitation is not subject to change in the region of weak gravitational fields.

8 pages, 4 figures.

Key word: gravitational potentials, renormalization, quantized vacuum, 4D-tetraquark, quantum gravity.

Content

1. Introduction

2. Gravitational potential of a quantized vacuum without gravity

3. There is no mass – it is energy

4. Mass is an imaginary parameter of the gravitational field

5. Gravitational diagram for imaginary mass inside deformed quantized vacuum

6. Balance of gravitational potentials inside the gravitational well of the quantized vacuum

7. Newton's law of universal gravitation inside a gravity well

8. Conclusion

References

The formation of the imaginary mass of a particle is a process of spherical deformation of the quantized vacuum

 

Leonov Vladimir

December 2024

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5270-0824

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonov-Vladimir/research

For citation:

Leonov Vladimir. The formation of the imaginary mass of a particle is a process of spherical deformation of the quantized vacuum. – Preprint: ResearchGate, December 2024, Download PDF: DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.32313.48480

Abstract

I continue to popularize the quantum theory of gravity, the basis of which is the quantum of space-time (quanton) in the form of 4D-tetraquark discovered by me in 1996. The theory of quantum gravity is part of the quantum theory of Superunification developed by me in 1996-2000 The carrier of gravity is a new particle of gravity in the form of 4D-tetraquark. We cannot call many theories of so-called quantum gravity if they do not have a gravity particle in the form of 4D-tetraquark. Gravity begins with the process of mass formation for an elementary particle. What is particle mass? The Standard Model of particles does not have an answer to this question. The Higgs boson failed to cope with the task assigned to it as a possible contender for the role of mass carrier. Only the new particle in the form of 4D-tetraquark is the carrier of mass for elementary particles and the mass of all bodies in the Universe. 4D-tetraquark is a carrier of gravity and electromagnetism at the same time. The quantized vacuum has a discrete structure in the form of an elastic static electromagnetic field of the Universe consisting of 4D-tetraquarks. The quantized vacuum has the following parameters: maximum gravitational potential, maximum quantum density, maximum energy density, and maximum pressure inside the quantized vacuum. The elastic structure of a quantized vacuum has the ability to deform: compression and stretching. We have proven that the mass of a particle (body) is formed as a result of spherical deformation of a quantized vacuum. The electromagnetic energy of a quantized vacuum is the equivalent of the imaginary mass of a particle (body). Paradoxically, classical mass as an isolated object does not exist in nature. We are dealing only with the electromagnetic energy of the spherical deformation of the quantized vacuum, which we take as the mass of the particle (body). Isolated classical particles (bodies) do not exist in nature. Mass is an inseparable and constituent part of the quantized vacuum and the Universe. It is the concept of imaginary mass that explains the principle of corpuscular-wave duality, when imaginary mass exhibits the properties of a wave and a corpuscle simultaneously.

11 pages, 4 figures.

Key word: mass formation, imaginary mass, 4D-tetraquark, quantized vacuum.

Content

1. Introduction

2. Mass is an imaginary parameter of a particle as an equivalent of the energy of spherical deformation of a quantized vacuum

3. Gravitational diagram for imaginary mass M₀ inside deformed quantized vacuum

4. Poisson's gravitational equation for a deformed quantized vacuum

5. Two-component solution of the Poisson equation for a spherically deformed vacuum

6. There is a gravitational well around an imaginary mass inside a quantized vacuum

7. Newton's law of universal gravitation is the pressure gradient P₁ of the quantized vacuum towards the bottom of the gravitational well

8. Newton's law of universal gravitation without masses M and m inside a quantized vacuum

9. Conclusion

References

Electrical and Magnetic Loops for Quantum Gravity with 4D-tetraquarks

 

Leonov Vladimir

December 2024

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5270-0824

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leonov-Vladimir/research

For citation:

Leonov Vladimir. Electrical and Magnetic Loops for Quantum Gravity with 4D-tetraquarks. – Preprint: ResearchGate, December 2024, Download PDF: DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35552.60163

Abstract

I can state the completion of the creation of the theory of quantum gravity when I managed to combine quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks with loop quantum gravity, provided that 4D-tetraquarks can be connected with each other by electric and magnetic loops inside a quantized vacuum. The creation of the theory of quantum gravity was started at the end of the 20th century by various scientists in different countries almost simultaneously. They established that the vacuum has a discrete structure consisting of space-time quanta that must be connected to each other by physical loops. I showed that the space-time quantum must have a quark structure in the form of 4D-tetraquark. Only in this case can 4D-tetraquarks be linked to each other by electric and magnetic loops within the quantized vacuum. I also express my gratitude to Professors Carlo Rovelli, Lee Smolin, Abhay Ashtekar and Ted Jacobson for their dedicated work in creating loop quantum gravity which has found its application in the theory of quantum gravity with 4D-tetraquarks.

27 pages, 15 figures.

Key word: quantum gravity, loop gravity, quantized vacuum, 4D-tetraquark, electric loops magnetic loops.

Content

1. Introduction

2. Brief overview of the state of loop gravity in 2024

3. 4D-tetraquark is a quantum of space-time

4. Electric and magnetic loops are the basis of loop quantum gravity

5. Calculated parameters of the electrical loop

6. Electrical forces between two 4D-tetraquarks inside an electrical loop

7. Magnetic forces between two 4D-tetraquarks inside a magnetic loop

8. Calculated parameters of the magnetic loop

9. The elastic fabric of the quantized vacuum is woven from 4D-tetraquarks

    by electric and magnetic loops

10. Conclusion